This publication provides a valuable account of how participation of local communities in the conservation of threatened species yields positive environmental and socio-economic results. Our planet is undergoing another mass extinction due to reasons widely known, including human activities such as deforestation, hunting, and overfishing. Much of the failure to arrest the loss of nature stem from the fact that the issue is highly complex and often requires concerted and integrated efforts from a range of stakeholders, including government, private sector and civil society. To this end, the Small Grants Programme (SGP) – a corporate programme of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) implemented by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) – has been supporting community-based actions with a focus on integrated initiatives that address global environmental issues, including conservation of threatened species. The case studies included in this publication provide a snapshot of the range of wildlife management measures supported by SGP across its global network. The cases also illustrate the ability of the SGP to mobilize civil society partners and empower community-based actors for the conservation of threatened species such as big cats, critically endangered monkeys, vultures and raptors, as well as marine species like cetaceans and sea turtles.